Japanese Gardening Basics
Things to remember for a beautiful garden
The main principles of garden design
Bring a Japanese feel to your garden with these basic steps. First of all, embrace the ideal of nature. That is, keep things in your garden as natural as possible, avoid including things that can interfere with this natural appearance.
For example, don’t include a square pool in your design as square pools cannot be found in nature. Also, a waterfall will be something closer to what exists in nature if we compare it to a fountain. So you should also consider the Japanese concept of sumi or balance. Because one of the main goals of Japanese garden design is to recreate large landscapes even in the smallest of places. Busana Muslim Be careful when choosing elements for your garden, as you don’t want to fill ten by ten yards with boulders.
As a miniature landscape, the rocks in the garden will represent mountains and ponds will represent lakes. A space filled with sand will represent the ocean. AKDSEO merupakan agency digital marketing yang fokus melayani jasa Backlinks dan Link building website, termasuk di dalamnya Jasa Menaikkan DA ( Domain Authority) Therefore, we assume that garden experts want to achieve a minimalist approach, which is best represented by the phrase “less is more”.
Elements of space and time
One of the first things westerners notice is the amount of free space in the garden. In fact, these spaces are an important feature of Japanese gardening. This space, which is called ma, relates to the elements around it and those that surround it as well. Reed Manning, Spa & Salon The concepts of entering and yo are very important here, they are best known to Western civilization by the Chinese names of yin and yang. If you want to have something, you have to start with having nothing. This is a fairly difficult idea to grasp, but it is a rule of thumb in gardening in Japan.
An important clue in the development of the garden is the concept of wabi and sabi. There is no literal English translation for those words. Wabi is about the uniqueness, or essence of something; close literal translation is solitary. Sabi is concerned with the definition of time or the ideal picture of something; the closest definition may be a time-strengthened character. Given the case, the cement lantern, which may seem unique, would lack that ideal image. Or an old moss-covered rock wouldn’t have a wabi if it was just a cobblestone. That’s why it’s important to find that balance.
Ma and wabi/sabi are connected with the concepts of space and time. When it comes to seasons, parks have to show a special character to each other. Japanese garden lovers dedicate time to their gardens each season, unlike western gardeners who leave in the fall only to be seen again in the spring.
A particularly soothing sight in spring is afforded by the bright green new shoots and azaleas. In summer, the lush foliage combined with the pond offers a strong and fresh image. The bright sight of the brilliant colors of the dying leaves in autumn is the beginning of winter and its veil of white snow.
The two most important gardening seasons in Japan are spring and winter. The Japanese call the snow that accumulates on the branches as Sekku or snowflakes. Yukimi, or lanterns for viewing snow, are another distinctive element of Japanese gardens in winter. Sleeping in the garden in winter is an important episode for our Japanese gardener, while for the western gardener, spring is the start of work in the garden. Maybe because eastern people view death as part of the cycle of life, or maybe western people are afraid of death.
About garden cage
Let’s look at the garden as a microcosm of nature. If we seek the garden as a true resting place, we must ‘separate’ it from the outside world. Therefore, fences and gates are important components of a Japanese garden.
Fences and gates have both symbolism and functionality. The worries and concerns of our daily life must be kept away from this world apart from the garden. The fence protects us from the outside world and the gate is the threshold where we leave our everyday worries and then prepare to face the real world again.
The use of fences is based on the concept of hide/reveal or Miegakure. The style of the fence is very simple and combined with screen printing, it doesn’t give much clue as to what’s hidden inside. You can give an example of the look of your garden by cutting small windows in the sturdy wall that surrounds your garden if that’s the case. Sode-gaki, or armrests, are railings attached to an architectural structure, which will only show views of certain gardens from inside the house. Thus, we are invited to enter the park and enjoy it in its entirety. That’s what makes a true understanding of the garden, loses in it our sense of time and self.
Basic settings
Despite the fact that certain rules apply to every garden, don’t think that there is only one type of garden. There are three basic styles that differ based on their setting and purpose.
Hill Garden and Pond (Chisen-Kaiyu-skiki)
Chinese imported classic style. A pond or room filled with raked gravel in front of a hill (or hills). This style always represents a mountainous place and usually uses native mountain vegetation. A walk in the park usually uses this style.
Flat Garden (Hiraniwa)
This stems from the use of open, flat spaces in front of temples and palaces for ceremonies. This is a great style for contemplation and represents a beach area (with proper use of plants). This is a frequently used style on pages.
Tea Garden (Rojiniwa)
Function has a greater importance than form in this type of garden. Roji or dew trails, are the main points of the garden, along with ponds and gates. This would be the exception to the rule. Simple and sparse plantings give a rustic feeling to the garden.
Formality must be considered
Hill and pool styles and flat may be shin (formal), gyo (intermediate) or more (informal). The formal style is usually found in temples or palaces, the intermediate style is suitable for most dwellings, and the informal style is used in peasant huts and mountain retreats. The tea garden is one that always goes well with the informal style.
Garden components
Rocks (ishi in Japanese) are the main concern of Japanese gardens. If the stones are placed correctly, then the garden looks in perfect balance. So here is shown the type of bedrock and the rules for its position.
Base stones are high upright stones, low upright stones, curved stones, fallen stones, and horizontal stones. This should usually be arranged in a triad although this is not always the case. Two nearly identical stones (for example, two tall vertical stones or two reclining stones), one slightly smaller than the other, may be lumped together as male and female, but their use in three, five, and seven is more frequent.
We must keep away from the Three Evil Stones. These are the Sickness Stone (having a wrinkled or deformed top), the Dead Stone (which is obviously used vertically as a horizontal, or vice versa, like corpse placement), and the Beggar’s Stone (a stone that has nothing to do with some of the other stones in the garden.) . Use only one stone of each base type in each group (the rest should be smaller, simple stones also known as single-use stones). Stones can be placed as statues, arranged in two dimensions, or given a purpose, such as stepping stones or bridges.
When used as stepping stones, they should be between one and three inches above the ground, yet firmly underfoot, as if rooted into the ground. They can be laid out in a straight line, offset for the left foot, right foot (called chidori or plover, after the trailing shorebird), or arranged in sets of two, three, four, or five (and any combination thereof).
A road means a journey through life, and even certain stones on that path may have meaning. A much wider rock placed across the road tells us to put two feet here, stopping to enjoy the view. There are many stones for certain places. When observing basic design principles, we can see the exact character of a Japanese garden.
Water (mizu in Japanese) plays an important role in the composition of Japanese gardens due to the abundance of rainfall in Japan. Water can be represented even by scratched areas of gravel instead of water. A rushing flow can be represented by placing flat river rocks close together. In tea gardens, where there are no rivers or ponds, water plays the most important role in the cleansing ritual in the chozubachi, or water basin. As the water fills and empties the shishi-odoki, or scares off the deer, the tinkling of bamboo on the rocks helps mark the passage of time.
The flow of water, as it sounds and looks, reminds us of the constant passage of time. A bridge across a stream of water is often used as a landscaping complement. Bridges indicate a journey, as do paths. Hashi, in Japanese, can mean bridge or edge. Bridges are symbolic pathways from one world to another, a constant theme in Japanese art.
Plants or Shokobutsu may play a secondary role to rocks in the garden, but they are also a major concern in the design. Rocks represent what remains unchanged, so trees, shrubs, and perennials should represent the changing seasons. Earlier garden styles used plants to create poetic connotations or to correct geomantic issues, but this has little meaning today.
As the Heian style diminished under the influence of Zen, perennials and grasses were no longer used. So, for a long time, there were only a few plants that tradition allowed for the garden. However, in modern Japan, designers are again expanding the spectrum of materials used. It is highly recommended that native plants be chosen for the garden, as conspicuous exotic plants do not taste good. Be aware that native plants are used in the garden, as it is not convenient to use flashy exotic plants. Although pine, cherry and bamboo immediately remind us of a Japanese garden, we encourage you to use plants native to your area that you find pleasing. If we choose evergreens as the main plant theme and combine them with fall materials that can provide seasonal flowers or foliage, we can recreate the look of a Japanese garden.
Now the next thing to consider in a Japanese garden is ornaments or Tenkebutsu. Stone lanterns, for westerners, are a typical impression of a Japanese garden. Stone lanterns are not an essential component of a Japanese garden. The reason, the ornament is subject to the design of the garden. Lanterns, stupas and basins are just architectural accompaniments added when a point of visual interest is required for a design.
A good way to complement your garden design can be a well-placed lantern. The three main styles (albeit with many variations) are: Kasuga style lantern, very formal with a stone base. In the Oribe style lantern, unlike the Kasuga style, the base is underground. Yukimi or Seeing Snow Lanterns are mounted on short legs, not pedestals. Consider the formality of your garden setting to choose the appropriate lantern.
If possible, elements from outside the garden can be included in it. For example, you can work on a distant mountain including the landscape in your design, framing it with rocks and plants that are in the garden.
Borrowed sights (shakkei in Japanese) can be: Far away (as in a distant mountain); cover (trees outside the fence); High (elements visible above the fence) or low (such as components visible under the fence or through a window in the fence).
Even though it’s considered against our sense of closure, it reminds us of how all things are interconnected.
Your garden feel
The Japanese garden is a subtle place full of contradictions and imperatives. Where the rules set are violated by other rules. If you meet the Buddha on the street, you must kill him is a Zen paradox that advocates disobeying the rules, and the same is true for Japanese gardens.
When building a Japanese garden, don’t get too attached to traditions that don’t mean anything to you. There is no point in recreating the Buddha’s sacred garden. This also applies to trying to remember the meaning of stone placement, as this method is no longer used in Japan, or even in the United States, due to its lack of meaning to us in the modern world.
That’s why we have selected some relevant gardening suggestions and integrated them into the garden. These three gardening ideas will give you the direction to achieve the perfect result.
First
The arrangement of the garden as a whole must always be right for the location, not the other way around.
Second
The stones should be placed first, next to the trees, and then the bushes.
Third
Get used to the concept of shin, gyo, and so on. It is very helpful to start working in the garden.
Keep in mind that a genuine Japanese garden is a traditional garden in Japan. What we can do in America is to form a garden in the Japanese style. Rikyu once said about the perfect Roji: “Thick green moss, everything is pure and bright warm”. In other words, technique is not as important as the feeling you evoke in your garden. In other words, feeling is more important than technique.
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